Over the past decade, scientists have identified 742 new species in the Congo Basin, according to a World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) report published on Tuesday, 3 December.

Spanning six African nations, the region is a biodiversity hotspot, revealing a treasure trove of plants, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals.

Among the discoveries are striking examples such as the “lesula” monkey, orchids, and a giant toad that mimics a venomous Gaboon viper to deter predators. Genetic analysis has also distinguished the Central African slender-snouted crocodile as a unique species.

The Congo Basin, known as the “lungs of Africa”, absorbs more carbon than the Amazon and supports over 75 million people. WWF stressed the dual importance of celebrating these finds and protecting the fragile ecosystem.

Indigenous communities, long-time stewards of the forest, played a crucial role in guiding researchers.

WWF is partnering with governments, conservationists, and local communities to safeguard the Basin’s future. Initiatives like biomonitoring and sustainable forestry aim to balance development with ecological preservation.

As the world faces accelerating climate and biodiversity crises, the discoveries underscore the global significance of conserving this unique natural wonder. Scientists hope the discovery of these species will inspire stronger protection for one of Earth’s most vital ecosystems.

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